I suggest 'V'. It should only do anything while docked. No response if in space.
Hm, it's definitely possible. I will ask the guys about it and see if we can implement it in any of the coming versions.
And maybe middle mouse click on the station to dock as long as you are within range...say within the turret ring.
I've forgot to mention - we added station undock shortcut in v1.1.0 build.